Mexico, US move towards new security agreement

High-level delegations from Mexico and the United States are working to build a new security framework for the bilateral relationship that they hope will govern how the two countries cooperate on a broad range of security issues.

The so-called U.S.-Mexico Bicentennial Framework for Security, Public Health and Safe Communities seeks to move beyond the 13-year-old Merida Initiative that focused on building Mexico's crime-fighting capabilities and rule of law projects.

U.S. Secretary of State Antony Blinken, who is leading the U.S. delegation, said their work is to create "a comprehensive new approach to our security cooperation, one that will see us as equal partners."

Immigration is expected to be a key topic of the dialogue.

Mexico's president, López Obrador, has been saying for months that Mexico cannot continue to simply detain migrants and try to contain them in the southern part of the country, far from the U.S. border.

He has asked the U.S. government to invest in two of his signature social programs to relieve some of the economic pressure people feel to migrate.

The Biden administration needs Mexico's continued cooperation to manage the flow of migrants to the U.S. border.

The U.S. also must find a way to re-instate the controversial Trump-era policy that made asylum seekers wait out their cases in Mexico.

Under the so-called Migrant Protection Protocols, tens of thousands of asylum seekers waited in dangerous Mexican border cities for their cases to advance.

Biden had made cancelling the policy one of his first orders of business upon taking office, but the Supreme Court ordered that it be implemented again.

Mexico has also been pressing for the U.S. government to do more to stop illegal guns from pouring in from the U.S. The guns fuel Mexico's organized crime violence, creating a public safety issue that López Obrador's government has been unable to adequately address.

Both sides are also expected to discuss the role of U.S. agents in Mexico and intelligence sharing. The governments insist that their security agencies work closely on a daily basis. But following the United States' arrest of former Mexican Defense Secretary Salvador Cienfuegos, then his release after Mexico's loud protests, tensions have remained.

Cienfuegos was arrested after he was secretly indicted by a federal grand jury in New York in 2019. He was accused of conspiring with the H-2 cartel to smuggle thousands of kilos of cocaine, heroin, methamphetamine and marijuana while he was defense secretary from 2012 to 2018.

With Cienfuegos back, Mexico said it would perform its own investigation, but it was quickly closed. Mexico also restricted U.S. agents working in the country and lifted their diplomatic immunity.