Iran unveils jet-powered Shahed-238 drone: a new concern for Ukraine?

Iran has recently revealed its latest iteration of the Shahed 'kamikaze drone,' named the Shahed-238, featuring a shift from its previous piston-propeller arrangement to a more advanced jet engine. The unveiling took place during an aerospace exhibition organised by the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) in Tehran.

Enhanced capabilities and varied guidance systems

This upgraded drone, derived from the Shahed-136 extensively used by Russia in Ukraine, comes with increased speed, faster transit times, and an array of guidance systems including radar and electro-optical/infrared options.

Displayed in three variations showcasing different guidance modules, speculation surrounds the inclusion of an anti-radiation seeker capable of targeting hostile radio-frequency transmitters, particularly air defence radars. This capability suggests potential for suppression/destruction of enemy air defences (SEAD/DEAD) missions.

However, while the drone's guidance systems promise versatility, their full capabilities and tested functionalities remain unverified. Reports indicate potential applications for anti-surface/anti-ship missions but raise questions about target recognition and engagement protocols.

Covert features

Images depicting a Shahed-238 test launch from a moving pickup truck suggest potential operational adaptability. These matte black drones have sparked speculation about radar-defeating coatings or paints, hinting at possible use in nighttime operations, complicating visual detection and challenging air defences.

Jet propulsion advancements & potential global implications

While specifics regarding the Shahed-238's specifications are undisclosed, the adoption of jet propulsion ensures increased speed, critical for targeting time-sensitive objectives. However, the impact on range and payload due to the jet engine remains a subject of interest, potentially affecting operational capabilities. Despite potential cost increases compared to its piston-engine predecessors, the Shahed-238's affordability in comparison to sophisticated missiles could facilitate mass deployment. This possibility raises concerns for defence systems reliant on costly interceptors.

Furthermore, the possibility of Russia's involvement due to their escalated use of drones, combined with advancements in Shahed-type drone technology, fuels concerns about potential attacks on Ukrainian critical infrastructure in future. Prior Reports from Defense Ministries’ around the world suggest that most of the subcomponents in the Shahed series drones may have Western origins, possibly sourced by Iran via the black market.