It's Controversial/ Tiger claw pendant row: Why are actors under scanner? What Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 says?

Bengaluru forest department officials have initiated a crackdown on actors and politicians, including Rajya Sabha MP Jaggesh, actors Darshan and Nikhil Kumaraswamy, reality show contestant Varthur Santosh, producer Rockline Venkatesh, astrologer Vinay Guruji and others for allegedly wearing tiger claw pendants on various occasions.

An investigation has been launched against the alleged culprits and action will be taken in accordance with the provisions of the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972. According to the law, possession of animal trophies is strictly prohibited. Both animal articles and trophies are often obtained through illegal hunting activities. So what does the law say about the protection of flora and fauna and what action can be taken against these personalities? Let's find out.

What is the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972?

The Wild Life (Protection) Act, of 1972 provides a legal framework for the protection of various species of wild animals and plants, the management of their habitats, regulation and control of trade in wild animals, plants and products made from them. This year marks 51 years since its inception. Over the years, it has been successful in protecting several endangered species of plants and animals and played a critical role in conserving the country's diverse wildlife.

The act also lists schedules of plants and animals that are afforded varying degrees of protection and monitoring by the government.

Formation of National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA)

In 2006, the Wild Life (Protection) Act, 1972 was amended and a National Tiger Conservation Authority (NTCA) was created to manage and protect tiger reserves. It also made provisions for the creation of a Tiger and Other Endangered Species Crime Control Bureau to deal with wildlife-related crimes.

According to reports, India is home to almost 70-80% of the world’s tigers. Also, the Central government had allocated Rs 350 crore for tiger conservation to states in 2019. However, these majestic animals have always been under threat from poachers. Their skin, bones, teeth, claws and other body parts are sold off for huge profits and the illegal trade of tiger parts is rampant in the country despite a crackdown under various provisions of the law.

What is the punishment for keeping animal trophies?

Trade in wild animals, animal articles, and trophies is prohibited under the Wild Life Protection Act (1972). Any person found guilty of buying, selling or possessing any of these items can be imprisoned for a term of between 3 to 7 years, with a fine between INR 10,000 to INR 25,000. If the animal is endangered, the term of imprisonment is increased to between 3 to 7 years, with a fine between INR 2 lakhs to INR 10 lakhs. The Act allows for the confiscation of any item used in the commission of the offence and the forfeiture of the proceeds of the trade.