August Kranti Din: How Quit India Movement transformed the Indian freedom struggle

On August 9th, India heard a resolute call for freedom from the iconic leader Mahatma Gandhi, as he launched the Quit India Movement during the session of the All-India Congress Committee in Mumbai. Coined by Yusuf Meherally, a socialist and trade unionist who also served as the Mayor of Mumbai, the movement came to be known as August Kranti, marking a turning point in India's struggle for independence. It set in motion a wave of unity, nonviolent resistance, and resilience that would eventually lead the nation towards liberation.

The birth of the Quit India Movement

Gandhi, the apostle of nonviolence, recognized the growing frustration among Indians with British colonial rule. The failure of the Cripps Mission and the assumption of unconditional support in World War II without prior consultation led to heightened anti-British sentiments. Gandhi, realising the opportune moment, gave the clarion call, "Do or die. We shall either free India or die in the attempt; we shall not live to see the perpetuation of our slavery."

Unity amid struggles

The Quit India Movement transcended barriers of region, language, and religion, uniting Indians from all walks of life in their quest for freedom. The movement instilled a deep sense of solidarity, turning ordinary citizens into freedom fighters. Leaders like Jawaharlal Nehru and Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel emphasised the importance of national unity, with Patel remarking, "Every citizen of India must remember that he is an Indian and he has every right in this country, but with certain duties."

In the face of brutal repression from British authorities, the Quit India Movement adhered to the principles of nonviolence and civil disobedience. Gandhi firmly believed in the power of truth and nonviolence to win over oppressors. The British, expecting violence in response to their harsh measures, were surprised by the movement's nonviolent nature. Gandhi's words resonated with the masses, "They may torture my body, break my bones to atoms, even kill me; he will then have my dead body, not my obedience."

British repression and Indian resilience

Despite the brutal crackdown by the British, Indians displayed their resilience and determination. Lala Lajpat Rai's words echoed the spirit of the movement, "If the deaf are to hear, the sound has to be very loud." Thousands were arrested, and security forces were deployed to suppress the demonstrations, but the movement persisted, undeterred.

The Quit India Movement caught the attention of the international community, garnering widespread support for India's struggle for independence. Leaders like Subhas Chandra Bose worked tirelessly to rally international backing for India's cause. Bose's declaration, "Freedom is not given; it is taken," exemplified the spirit of sacrifice for the greater goal of liberation.

The enduring spirit of August Kranti Din

August Kranti’s legacy left an indelible mark on India's history. It instilled a sense of national pride and unity, propelling the nation forward on its journey towards freedom. The movement's impact was instrumental in changing the nature of political negotiations with the British, ultimately leading to India's independence on August 15, 1947. Jawaharlal Nehru beautifully captured the significance of that moment: "At the stroke of the midnight hour, when the world sleeps, India will awake to life and freedom."

The movement brought new leaders, empowered women, and strengthened nationalism. Despite repression and limited support, it led to India's eventual independence. We remember the sacrifices of freedom fighters, their commitment to nonviolence, and Gandhi's leadership. The legacy inspires justice, equality, and freedom worldwide. Let's renew our commitment to peace, unity, and progress. "Long years ago, we made a tryst with destiny," Nehru said.