Weaving traditions: A glimpse into the history and types of handmade sarees in India

It is said that nothing makes an Indian woman appear more elegant than a 6 yards long saree. Worn in very different styles in different parts of the country, saree has had its own journey of becoming the most commonly worn woman’s garment in India. While mass production has multiplied the volume of sarees and slashed the prices, handmade sarees, with intricate detailing, have their own market. Let us glance through the history of handmade sarees in India and know about a few varieties.

History

The history of handmade sarees in India dates back thousands of years, with references found in ancient texts and sculptures. The earliest evidence of sarees can be traced to the Indus Valley civilisation, where women draped themselves in unstitched fabric. The blouse, a garment that is now seen as a must-wear with sarees, in fact became common only after the British colonisation.

Over the centuries, different regions of India developed their unique weaving techniques, designs, and motifs, contributing to the colourful kaleidoscope of saree varieties in their own different ways. Here are some of the most popular handmade saree varieties.

Banarasi silk sarees

Banarasi silk sarees, which are made in the sacred town of Varanasi, are synonymous with opulence and intricate craftsmanship. Woven with gold or silver zari, these sarees feature elaborate designs. Banarasi silk sarees are often the choice for weddings and special occasions.

Chikankari sarees

Chikankari sarees are adorned with delicate, hand-embroidered floral patterns. A specialty of Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh, the fine white thread work on pastel fabrics gives a unique, eye-pleasing charm to the garment. Chikankari sarees are celebrated for their understated elegance and are great for semi-formal occasions.

Kanjivaram sarees

Hailing from Tamil Nadu, Kanjivaram sarees are renowned for their lustrous silk and rich, contrasting borders. These sarees typically feature vibrant colours and elaborate zari work. Kanjivaram sarees are famous for their durability and are often passed down through generations as heirlooms.

Paithani sarees

A masterpiece from Aurangabad in Maharashtra, Paithani sarees are known for their peacock and flower motifs woven with colourful silk and metallic threads. The pallu and borders are very intricately designed, showcasing the weavers' artistry, who are usually in the saree-making art for generations.

Baluchari sarees

Originating from the town of Baluchar in West Bengal, Baluchari sarees are distinguished by their tasteful depictions of mythological or historical scenes on the pallu. Woven with fine silk, these sarees showcase the storytelling prowess of Bengal's weavers - each saree has a story to tell.