Danish language embraces gender-neutral terms in landmark dictionary update

The Danish language is undergoing a significant transformation as the Danish Language Council, known as Dansk Sprognævn, embarks on its first review in 12 years. The focus of this edition is to promote gender equality and eliminate gender stereotypes by introducing gender-neutral terms and addressing linguistic gender disparities.

One notable change is the introduction of gender-neutral terms and the creation of female equivalents for traditionally male-gendered nouns. The terms "karrieremand" (career man) and "finanskvinde" (female financier) will now officially join Denmark's spelling dictionary, Retskrivningsordbogen. Additionally, several other gender-neutral terms will be introduced as part of this language evolution.

Addressing linguistic gender disparities

In this comprehensive review, the Danish Language Council analysed keywords ending in -mand (man), -kvinde (woman), and -person (person). The aim was to identify instances where gender neutrality could be introduced and stereotypes eliminated. Notably, the review also scrutinised the usage of gender-specific pronouns like he, she, his, and hers within the dictionary's example phrases.

The upcoming edition of the dictionary introduces several gender-neutral terms and female equivalents for traditionally male-oriented words. For instance, "afholdsmand," the existing term for someone who abstains from alcohol, will now have a female version: "afholdskvinde." Similarly, "financier" or "finansmand" will now have a female counterpart as "finanskvinde," and "handelsmand" (trader) will be joined by "handelskvinde" (female trader).

As part of this linguistic transformation, gendered example phrases that perpetuated stereotypes will be removed from the new edition. For instance, phrases like "pigerne fjantede rundt" (the girls fooled around) and "han er anklaget for uagtsomt manddrab" (he is accused of negligent manslaughter) will be omitted.

Challenges and perspectives

While these changes are aimed at promoting gender equality and eliminating gender stereotypes, they are not without controversy. Some individuals argue that these linguistic alterations may be too extensive, while others question the necessity of certain gender-neutral terms. However, the Danish Language Council is determined to advance gender neutrality in language, aligning with the UN's global goals of achieving gender equality by 2030.

Margrethe Heidemann Andersen, a senior researcher at the language council, told the Danish public broadcaster DR that these linguistic shifts were carefully considered, taking into account the frequency of word usage and relevance in everyday language. She acknowledged that language is deeply ingrained in individuals' identities and may elicit strong emotional reactions.

While Denmark's efforts reflect a commitment to gender equality, they are not as progressive as those in neighboring Sweden. In 2015, Sweden introduced the gender-neutral pronoun "hen" to its official dictionary, signifying a significant step toward linguistic inclusivity.